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Once the oil has been pumped to the surface, it is transported by tanker, pipeline, or rail to a refinery. Refinery products from crude oil include lubricating oil, fuel oil, diesel, kerosene, gasoline, and petroleum gas. The method for producing the different petroleum products is called distillation.

 

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Crude oil is heated and put into a distillation column where the different products boil off when they reach their boiling points. Lighter products like petroleum gas and gasoline boil at the lowest temperatures. The heavier the product, the higher the temperature required to produce.

 

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Oil Development